“The Affirmative Action Empire” by Terry Martin: Personal Reflections

Review of Terry Martin’s The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union (1923–1939)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2026-32-1-16

Keywords:

Terry Martin, ‘The Affirmative Action Empire’, Soviet nationality policy (1920s–1930s), nationalism, Ukrainization, ‘zminovikhivstvo’

Abstract

The review presents reflections inspired by Terry Martin’s The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union (1923–1939), and by the Director of the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University. Although the Ukrainian translation of the book appeared as early as 2013, it attracted the attention of Ukrainian mass media only in the summer of 2025, following Professor Martin’s appointment to the above-mentioned position. This event itself became an additional impetus for a more thorough and attentive rereading of the work. In engaging with the study, the author of the review focused primary attention on the pages and chapters devoted to Ukraine. The reflections on the book are subjective and grounded in the author's knowledge of Ukrainian history in the 1920s and early 1930s.

Author Biography

Olha Sukhomlynska, V. O. Sukhomlynskyi State Scientific and Educational Library of Ukraine (Ukraine)

Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the NAES of Ukraine, Chief Research Fellow of the Sukhomlynskyi Studies Department

References

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Istorychna pravda. (2025). Terry Martin will head the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University. https://www.istpravda.com.ua/short/2025/07/2/165118/ [in Ukrainian].

Kachkovska, Ya. (2025). The “Affirmative Action Empire”: Terry Martin on the Soviet Experiment in Nationality Policy. https://lnk.ua/b4AqDyp4Q [in Ukrainian].

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Martin, T. (2001). The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923–1939. New York: Cornell University Press.

Martin, T. (2011). The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923–1939 (O. Shchelokova, Trans.). Moskva: Rossijskaya politicheskaya enciklopediya (ROSSPEN): Fond «Prezidentskij centr B. N. El’cina». http://history.org.ua/LiberUA/978-5-8243-1523-3/978-5-8243-1523-3.pdf [in Russian].

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Subtelnyi, O. (1991). Ukraine: History (Yu. Shevchuk, Trans.). Kyiv: Lybid. http://resource.history.org.ua/item/0007560 [in Ukrainian].

Sukhomlynska, O. V. (1996). Introdaction, Chs. III, IV. In O. V. Sukhomlynska (Ed.), Essays on the History of Ukrainian Schooling (1905–1933). Kyiv: Zapovit [in Ukrainian].

Sukhomlynska, O. V. (2012). Psychotechnics: A Lost Field of Soviet Pedagogical Science and Practice. Istoryko-pedahohichnyi almanakh, (2), 6–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31499/2307-4833.2.2012.15370 [in Ukrainian].

Sukhomlynska, O. V. (2014). Soviet Pedagogy as Ideology: An Attempt at Historical Reconstruction. Istoryko-pedahohichnyi almanakh, (1), 4–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31499/2307-4833.1.2014.26970 [in Ukrainian].

Yefimenko, H. H. (2005). ZMINOVIKhIVSTVO. In V. A. Smolii et al. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine: Vol. 3. E–Y. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. http://www.history.org.ua/?termin=Zminovikhivstvo [in Ukrainian].

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Published

2026-07-01

How to Cite

Sukhomlynska, O. (2026). “The Affirmative Action Empire” by Terry Martin: Personal Reflections: Review of Terry Martin’s The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union (1923–1939). Filosofiya Osvity. Philosophy of Education, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2026-32-1-16

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