Poles’ National Character in Philosophical and Pedagogical Explorations on the Turn of XIX-XX Centuries (on materials of Julian Leopold Ochorowicz scientific heritage)
(transl. from Polish by M. Kultaieva)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2023-29-2-13Keywords:
pedagogy, Julian Ochorowicz, national character, psychohistory, rudiments, interdisciplinary approach, philosophy, educationAbstract
There is proposed the analysis of conceptual foundations in researching of Poles’ national character on materials of Julian Leopold Ochorowicz (1850-1917) scientific heritage connected with philosophical and pedagogical implications of his ideas. Ochorowicz’s contribution to interdisciplinary approach on Poles’ national character is emphasizing. The heuristically potential of this approach is explicated using reconstruction and systemizing of his views, which had played a significant role in determining intentionality in discussions on the matter «What philosophy do Poles need?” for the successful self-statement in their national being. Critically evaluating of this experience there is combined with verifying of his theoretical assumptions that should be actual also in Ukrainian social and cultural contexts. Ochorowicz belongs to the group of outstanding Polish scholars with wide scientific interests and original achievements. This article presents his research on history perceived as a collective psychological process. In Poland, Ochorowicz should be regarded as a precursor of psychohistory. An important role in his conception is played by the theory of the so-called residual symptoms, on the basis of which he developed the concept of Poles’ national character with its educational implications. The question about the rudiments of our national character sharpens in border situations, in which those traits, previously presented in a declarative form, are verified. The strength of a nation is encoded in the irreal sphere, i.e. in the sphere of values around which people group themselves.
References
Benisławska, A. (2011). National character as a topic of research by M. Wiszniewski, J. Ochorowicz and K. Dąbrowski. Historical and psychological study. [In Polish]. Warsaw: unprinted work.
Bobrowska-Nowak, W. (1971). Julian Ochorowicz on the roads and wilderness of psychology. [In Polish]. Quarterly of the History of Science and Technology, (1), 67-85.
Brodziński, K. (1867). It is about the nationality of Poles and sending exiles to their brothers. [In Polish]. Paris. https://www.wbc.poznan.pl/dlibra/show-content/publication/edition/2136?id=2136
Jaronski, F. (1810). What do Poles need, What philosophy do Poles need?: a report at a public meeting of the Krakow Academy to commemorate the Treaty of Vienna in 1809 concluded [...]. [In Polish]. Kraków: Academic Printing House.
Kojkol, J. (2021). Educating Poles – do we need philosophy. [In Polish]. Colloquium, (4), 9. https://colloquium.amw.gdynia.pl/index.php/colloquium/article/view/552/414
Kozlowski, W. M. (1924). Polish national philosophy and the Slavic idea. [In Polish]. Kultura Słowiańska, (3-5), 1-18.
Massonius, M. (1901). The splitting of Polish thought. [In Polish]. http://www.polskietradycje.pl/artykuly/widok/423
Ochorowicz, J. (1907a). About developing your own character. [In Polish]. Warsaw: M. Arct.
Ochorowicz J. (1907b). Elements of national character. A sketch of the psychology and primitive culture of the Central Slavs. [In Polish]. Warsaw: M. Arct.
Ochorowicz, J. (1917). Psychology-Pedagogy-Ethics. Contributions to the attempts at our national revival. [In Polish]. Warsaw: M. Arct.
Ochorowicz, J. (1986). On Polish national character. [In Polish]. Lublin: National Publishing Agency.
Skarga, B. (1980). Julian Ochorowicz (1850-1917). [In Polish]. [in:] Hochfeldowa, A., Skarga, B. (eds.). Philosophy and social thought in the years 1865-1895, part I. (S. 146-186). Warsaw 1980, National Scientific Publishing House.
Sobolewska, A. (2021). Autoeconomics of recording by Julian Ochorowicz. Everyday writing and research practices of a psychologist. [In Polish]. Warsaw: University of Warsaw Publishing House.
Szumowski, W. (1948). Philosophy of medicine. Reports, considerations. [In Polish]. Kraków: Gebethner and Wolff.
Tatarkiewicz, W. (1970). What philosophy do Poles need? [In Polish]. Warsaw: National Scientific Publishing House.
Twardowski, K. (1913). Educational Encyclopedia. [In Polish]. Vol. IX. Warsaw: Gebethner and Wolff.
Tyburski, W. (2004). Julian Ochorowicz. Meanders of positivism. [In Polish]. Toruń: Top-Kurier.
Ziemski, P. (1996). Disputes around the philosophy of Julian Ochorowicz. [In Polish]. New Criticism, (7), 171-185.
Downloads
-
PDF (Українська)
Downloads: 85
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication;
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.